what does the snack venom do the human body

Snake venom- venom is a poisonous secretion formed in the modified salivary glands, called poison glands. the venom is injected into the body through the fangs which serve as hypodermic needles.

snake venom is a  clear sticky liquid of a faint yellow color. it is tasteless and odorless and acidic in reaction. it is a complex mixture of the enzyme. it is fatal only when mixed in blood. it can be swallowed and if there is no scratch in the mouth or alimentary tract, it will pass out with feces without doing any harm. it can be dissolved in water, salt solution, or glycerine.

most common types of snack venom

The venom of different snakes has its own characteristic effect. there are two types of snake venom.

1. Neurotoxic,
2. Haemotoxic.

what does the snack venom do to the human body

neurotoxins cause death by paralysis of respiratory muscles and asphyxiation? poison of cobra, krait, and sea snakes are neurotoxic venom. Haemotoxins cause tissue destruction and widespread hemorrhage. viper venom is haemotoxic.

Cobra venom: 

The poison of cobra is virulent. is a neurotoxin, attaching nerve center. the effect is visible within 10 m to 2 hrs after the snake bite.  cobra bite symptoms are piercing pain, burning sensation, numbness of bitten part which turns bluish or blackish, inflammation, and blood-colored fluid oozes out of the bite site. after that victim suffers giddiness, weakness, high pulse rate, speechlessness, dropping saliva, and eyelids, contraction of pupils, vomiting. the breathing becomes slow and noisy and ultimately stops. death may occur within an hour or so but may take 5 to 12 hours due to respiration failure.

Viper venom:

Viper's venom is haemotoxic. affects the circulatory and nervous systems. symptoms of haemotoxic venom, much-swelling discoloration of bitten part, and spread. there is acute burning pain. pupils dilate pulse rate increases, vomiting cold sweats, and loss of consciousness. death may due to paralysis and bleeding.

Poisonous snakes of India:

The most poisonous snakes found in India are viper, cobras, kraits, sea snakes, and coral-snakes.

Cobra - Naja naja - poisonous,

King  cobra -  Naja Hanna  - poisonous,

Russell's viper - Vipera russelli - poisonous,

Pit viper  - Ancistrodon himalayansis - poisonous,

Saw scaled viper - Echis carinatus - poisonous,

Common Krait  - Bungarus caeruleus  - poisonous,

Banded krait  - Bungarus fasciatus  - poisonous,

Blind snake  - Typhlope  - non-poisonous,

Python  - Python molurus  - non-poisonous,

Rat snake  - Ptyas mucasus  - non-poisonous,

Double Mouth snake  - Erynx johnil  - non-poisonous,

Watersnake  - Natrix ptolata  - non-poisonous.

Vipers

They are characterized by the flattened head covered with small scales. The belly is covered with belly plates. vipers poisons, cause local swelling and intense pain. vipers belonged to 2 categories.

1. Pit vipers,
2. Pitless vipers

Pit vipers shaped are triangular head and belly plates. distinct between pit vipers and pitless vipers are a loreal pit, on either side of the head and the nostril.  pit viper two types, Himalayan pit viper - is found in hilly areas of India. and Trmeresurus gramineus also known as Green pit viper is found in the low vegetation in the tropical and subtropical regions of India. 

Pitless vipers do not have a loreal pit between the eye and the nostril. Russell's viper is a common pitless, poisonous snake found in India. length is about 5 ft. brownish in color with 3 rows of large diamond-shaped spots on the body. this snake is commonly known as a chain viper. is found in rocky and bushy regions.

Cobra

This is very dangerous in all snake. out of 10 species only 2 found in India.

1. Naja naja  (Indian cobra)
2. Naja hannah (king cobra)

Naja naja is a common Indian cobra. found under roof in the old house, heaps of stones, stacks of wood. it is a dark blackish color.

Sea snakes

They are deadly poisonous and found all the coastal water of India. the sea snake is not offensive by nature and does not bite generally. their venom is neurotoxic..the common Indian sea snake is Hydrophis

Differences between poisonous and non-poisonous snake

Most of the snakes are unable to cause any fatal effect on the human body. these snakes are called non-poisonous snakes. there are certain snakes that are fatal to a human, they are called the poisonous snake. they have a poison gland that manufactures poison and a duct to carry the poison in the body. in the absence of the above structure, a snake is non-poisonous.

Poisonous snake

1. have fangs,
2. parotid glands are modified into poison glands,
3. Belly plates are complete,
4. the bite of a poisonous snake leaves two large circular punctures on the skin.
5. puncture is deep and enters superficial blood capillaries.    

Non-poisonous snake

1. fangs are absent,
2. All teeth are similar,
3. Porotids are not modified into poison glands,
4. belly plates are incompletes,
5. The bite of non-poisonous snake leaves many small pricks on the skin,
6. pricks are superficial and reach the upper surface of the skin.

Snack bite managements

for the cure of snakebite is to inject antivenom serum or antivenin into the victim's body. It counteracts snake venom. different antivenins are required against different snake venom.

First aid

The victim should be made to lie down and should not be allowed to run. a technique should be immediately tied tightly on the bitten part. this prevents or delays the circulation of poison on the body. the wound should be washed with clean water and antiseptic lotion. should be taken nearest hospital as early as possible.

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