how to deal with the emergency, and accident.

Importance of first aid:

It is very important to give basic information of first aid to all children, to make people aware and how to deal with an emergency, accident, the second Saturday of September is celebrated every year as International First Aid Day.

The purpose of first aid to protect life, to prevent further injury, to promote recovery.

The first attempt to save the life of an injured person is called First Aid. First aid can be given by anyone present at the scene. While giving first aid some precautions are necessary so that the life of the injured person can be saved, your immediate action helps the injured person recover.

There are three "3Ps" in first aid:

Protect life - prevent the person from dying.

Prevent further injury - Prevent the person from getting more injured, and the injured person should be transferred to the hospital immediately.

Promote recovery - Try to help the person recover their injuries.

The purpose of first aid - three PS

1. Protect life,
2. Prevent illness or injury from getting worse,
3. If possible give relief from pain,
4. Promoting Recovery,
5. Protect the unconscious.

The objectives of first aid are:

1. Protect life,
2. Prevent illness or injury from getting worse,
3. If possible give relief from pain,
4. Promoting Recovery,
5. Protect the unconscious.

remember three P

Preserve life,

                             Prevent further injury, and

Promote recovery

First aid in cuts and scraps:

1. wash your hands. First, wash with soap and water so that you do not get bacteria in the cut and do not get infected,
2. Stop bleeding. Put the pressure on the cut with the mist pad or clean clothes,
3. Clean the wound,
4. Remove any dirt or debris.

First aid for fracture :

Causes of fracture are sports injuries, injuries due to domestic or road accident, fall from the height, etc. sign and symptoms of fracture are loss of function, irregularities, lumps, or depressions over the surface of the bone, bones come out of the skin, severe pain, tenderness and swelling over the affected part.

• Reassure the patient,
• support and immobilize the affected part of the body to prevent further movement,
• straighten limb where possible without causing unnecessary pain using a straight, rigid object and typing a cloth around it.
• Apply a dressing if you see bones coming out of the skin.
• Rest of the limb,
• ice application (on and off) over the compression dressing,
• Immobilization,
• compress dressing to control the swelling.

First aid for a road accident:

Causes of road accident are fast driving, alcohol, drugs, consumption prior to driving, driving careless,

• Check the victim responsiveness,
• Attempt to stop any external bleeding by using a clean handkerchief and applying direct pressure to the site of bleeding.
• Wait for the ambulance to arrive instead of attempting to transport the victim to the hospital in any other vehicle. You may do further damage in the process of transporting him.
• If no ambulance is available, shift the victim in an appropriate position.

First aid for Bleeding:

Bleeding is the condition that blood coming from the blood vessels or into the body (internal bleeding), or outer side of the body called external bleeding.causes to the bleeding injuries to the external surface of the body affected internal organs such as lungs, stomach, bones, etc. or external organs such as skin, nose mouth, etc.

• If there is visible excess external bleeding, apply direct pressure on external wounds with a sterile cloth or your hand maintain pressure until bleeding stops.
• If bleeding is from the skin or mouth, compress the site of bleeding with a clean cloth, if the bleeding continues, add another cloth, do not remove the previous cloth.
• If bleeding from the nose, ask the victim to lean forward, pinch the nose for 10 minutes, while he breaths from the mouth.
• if bleeding from the insides of the ear ask the victim to sit and lean on the side so that the blood is drained out and lightly cover the ear with a cloth without compression.
• if the sign of shock or there is bleeding from the leg, have the victim lie down on his back and place 2-3 cushions under the feet or raise the legs approximately 1 foot above the ground.
• If there bleeding from the arm, raise it above the level of the head.

To prevent bleeding from the artery:

1. Apply pressure on the wound, and keep it until patients get medical treatment,
2. Press with a sterile cloth or use your hand, if something else is not available,
3. If possible, keep the bandage on the wound,
4. Do not remove the soaked bars, but if necessary, keep the other up.

First aid for spinal injuries:

 Any injury to the spine and may result in loss of sensation and inability to move. Common causes of spinal injuries are an accident, fall from a height, external twisting of the trunk, sports injury, diving accident.

• keep the head straight by holding the head between the knees and hands.
• Provide as many supports as possible to the neck and take help from others to carry the victim away safe if the scene is unsafe.
• If the person, not breath does CPR.

First aid for insect bite:

There are the following sign and symptoms of insect bite. Bite marks on the skin, swelling in the area of the bite, bleeding from the bite site, itching in the area of the bite, slurring of speech, drooping of the eyelids, drooling after bite.

• clean the wound site with soap and clean water.
• If there is bleeding, apply pressure to the site by using a clean cloth or a compression bandage.
• If the bleeding is uncontrollable after applying pressure, apply a  tight cloth above the level of the bleeding.

First aid for the burn:

Burns are damage to the skin and underlying tissue by heat and any other causes. Sign of the burn, are smoke around the nostril and mouth, red and dry skin, blistering on the skin, pain on the skin.

• if the victim is on fire, stop, drop to the floor and roll on the ground until the fire is put out,
• If stop, drop and roll do not work, smother the victim with a blanket.
• If there is a fire, switch off the power supply, 
• Clean the area gently with plenty of clean water,
• submerge the burnt area in cold water.
• If the victim is not breathing do CPR.

Generally, at home, First Aid kits are used to treat a minor injury, such as

1. Burns,
2. Cut,
3. Friction,
4. Sting,
5. Splinter,
6. Sprain,
7. Strains.