Protozoa can live in every type of habitat. Protozoan causes many diseases in humans. Among these, there are major diseases like amoebiasis, Kala-Azar, giardiasis, trichomoniasis, and malaria.
Diseases caused by protozoan
Giardia lamblia (Mastigophora) - Transmitted by contaminated water, and contact.
Trichomoniasis -Trichomonas vaginalis (Mastigophora) - Transmitted by sexual, contact.
African sleeping sickness -Trypanosoma brucei (Mastigophora) - Transmitted by Tsetse fly.
American sleeping sickness- T.cruzi (Mastigophora) - Transmitted by Triatomid bug (Triatoma).
Leishmaniasis (Kala-azar)- Leishmania donovani - Transmitted by Sandfly (Phlemotmus).
Balantidiasis- Balantidium coli (Ciliophora) - Transmitted by contaminated water, contaminated food.
Toxoplasmosis- Toxoplasma gondii (Sporozoa) -transmitted by Domestic cats, contaminated food.
Malaria- Plasmodium spp (Sporozoa) - Transmitted by mosquito female anopheles).
Babesiosis - Babesia microti (Sporozoa) - Transmitted by Tick (Ixodes).
Amebiasis is a parasitic disease caused by Entamoeba histolytica (Sarcodina). It can affect anyone although it is more common in people who live in tropical areas with poor sanitary conditions.
Amoebiasis is a common infection of the human gastrointestinal tract. The disease is characterized by painful ulcers of the human intestine. It has a significant health problem in China, South East and West Asia, and Latin America Especially Mexico. It is affected by 15 % of the Indian population.
Amoebiasis is a common infection of the human gastrointestinal tract. The disease is characterized by painful ulcers of the human intestine. It has a significant health problem in China, South East and West Asia, and Latin America Especially Mexico. It is affected by 15 % of the Indian population.
Transmitted by
contaminated water, and food.
Caused by 👉 Entamoeba histolytica.
Sign and Symptoms of the disease
- Diarrhea
- Dysentery
- Colitis
- Painful ulcer
- Bloody stools
- Fatigue
- Weight loss
- Fever
- Liver abscess
- Amoebic liver abscess with fever and
- Abdominal pain.
Prevention and control
amoebiasis treated with the antiamoebic drug. Like metronidazole. the drug should be taken with the consulting of a physician.- Improved water supply
- Sanitation
- Food safety
- Personal hygiene.
Giardiasis
Giardiasis is a very common intestinal disease caused by protozoan parasites caused by flagellated protozoan, Giardia lamblia (G.intestinalis and G. duodenalis).
it was discovered in 1681 by Leeuwenhoek. the parasite occurs worldwide. In human beings, ingestion of contaminated water, the cyst undergoes excystation in the duodenum to form trophozoites. the trophozoites inhabit the upper portion of the small intestine.
they become firmly attached to the intestinal epithelium and thus rarely detected in the stools. they reproduce to form large populations feeding on mucous secretions.
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