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Human excretory system - organs and their functions

The excretory system is a biological system that removes excess, unnecessary materials from the body fluids of an organism, to help maintain internal chemical homeostasis and prevent damage to the body. The excretory system of humans consists of the following organs.
  • Kidneys,
  • ureters,
  • bladder,
  • urethra,


 The kidney


The kidneys are bean-shaped organs situated at the back of our body and are constantly passing through our kidneys. 

The renal artery (kidney artery) brings in the dirty blood (containing waste substances) into the kidneys. 

The function of kidneys is to remove the harmful substances urea, other waste salts, and excess water from the blood and excrete them in the form of urine. 

Urine produced in the kidneys passes through the ureters into the urinary bladder where it is stored until it is released through the urethra. 

The nitrogenous waste such as urea or uric acid is removed from the blood by the kidneys.



The ureters 

The 2 ducts are called ureters, The ureters are muscular ducts that propel urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. In the human adult, the ureters are usually 25–30 cm (10–12 in) long. The ureters arise from the renal pelvis on the medial aspect of each kidney.

The urinary bladder stores urine. The urinary bladder is the organ that collects waste excreted, by the kidneys prior to disposal by urination. 

It is a hollow muscular, and dispensable (elastic) organ, and sits on the pelvic floor.

The Urethra: A urethra that removes the urine. The urethra is a tube that connects the urinary bladder to the outside of the body. In humans, the urethra has an excretory function, in both genders to pass.


The human body also excretes wastes in other ways 


Through exhaled air: carbon dioxide, formed after respiration, is removed from the body with exhaled air.

Through sweat: our skin also acts as an excretory organ. it has a small outer opening called sweat pores. 

Our body gets rid of a small quantity of urea, salts, and water through sweat secreted by the sweat glands present under the skin.it is also regulated body temperature.



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