Brain parts and their functions

The brain allows us to think and take actions based on that thinking. the different parts of the brain responsible for integrating different inputs and outputs.
The brain has 3 parts or regions they are fore-brain, mid-brain and hind-brain.

 brain divided into 3 regions:

1. Forebrain,
2. Midbrain,
3. Hindbrain.

💀. Brain located insides the skull of our body.


💀. Brain protected by a bony box in the skull called cranium.


💀. Membrane surrounded the brain called meninges.


💀. Space between the membranes has filled with a fluid called cerebrospinal fluid.


💀. Pair of cranial nerves arise from the brain.

Fore-brain is the main thinking part of the brain. it receives sensory impulses from various receptors.
it is responsible for smell, sight, and so on. the sensory information is interpreted by putting it together with information from other receptors as well as with information that is already stored in the brain.

A decision is made on how to respond and the information is passed on to the motor area which controls the movement of voluntary muscles. The forebrain consists mainly of the cerebrum.
it is the main thinking part of the brain.

Midbrain does not have any divisions and the hindbrain has 3 parts.

Parts of the brain:

The human brain is the main coordination center of the body. it is located inside the skull and at the top of the spinal cord. brain protected by the skull called cranium. it is surrounded by three membranes called meninges. the space between the membranes is filled with a Cerebrospinal fluid which protected the brain from shocks. pairs of cranial nerves arise from the brain.

The brain is divided into three parts (regions) .forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain.

FOREBRAIN:

Cerebrum: it is the main thinking part of the brain. it is responsible for reasoning, speech, intelligence sight, hearing, and usage of information. there are separate areas of associated, where sensory information is interpreted by combining the information from other receptors as well as with information that is already stored in the brain and is found in the cerebrum itself. they are, voluntary action is controlled by the cerebrum.

Sensory areas- receive sensory impulses from sensory organs like skin, muscles, eyes, ears, and nose.

Association areas- interpret sensory information by previous experience and other receptors.

Motor areas- send impulses to muscles and glands.

Olfactory lobes: it is responsible for detecting smell from different receptors.

MIDBRAIN:

The midbrain controls reflex movements of the head, neck, and trunk in response to visual and auditory stimuli. it controls the reflex movement of the eye, muscles, change the pupil size and shape of the eye lens.

HINDBRAIN:

It provides a connection spinal cord and brain. consists of three parts. think about activities like walking in a straight line, riding a bicycle, picking up a pen. These are possible due to a part of the hindbrain called the cerebellum.

The hindbrain consists of 3 centers. They are, 

1. Pons,
2. Cerebellum and,
3. Medulla.

Cerebellum- It controls and coordinates different muscular action.it maintains posture and equilibrium of the body during various activities like walking, drinking, catching, etc.

Pons - It lies above the medulla and takes part in respiration.

Medulla oblongata-It found continuously with the spinal cord. it controls breathing, blood pressure (BP), and regulates salivation and vomiting.

Reflex action the function of the spinal cord. the spinal cord is made up of nerves that supply information to think about. Thinking involves more complex mechanisms and neural connections. these are concentrated in the brain. that is the main coordinating center of the body. The brain and spinal cord constitute the central nervous system (CNS). they receive information from all parts of the body and integrate it.


Voluntary action: writing, talking, moving a chair, clapping is an example of voluntary action. that is based on deciding what to do next. so the brain also has to send messages to muscles. this is 2nd  way in which the nervous system communicated with the muscles. the communication between the central nervous system and the other parts of the body facilitated by the peripheral nervous system consisting of cranial nerves arising from the brain and spinal nerves arising from the spinal cord. the brain thus allows us to think and take actions based on that thinking.

The different parts of the brain responsible for integrating different inputs and outputs.



Involuntary action: Our mouth waters when we see food, our heartbeat, breath, digestion of food, size of pupil we cannot control these activities easily by thinking about them even if we wanted to. these actions called involuntary action. they are controlled by the midbrain and hindbrain. all these involuntary actions including blood pressure, salivation, vomiting are controlled by the medulla in the hindbrain.

Think about activities like walking in a straight line, riding a bicycle, picking a pencil up. These are possible due to a part of the hindbrain called the cerebellum.

It is responsible for the precision of voluntary action and maintaining the posture and balance of the body.

The function of the human brain:

1. It coordinates the activities of the body.
2. It receives information from all sensory organs of the body,
3. it responds to the impulses brought in the sensory organs.
4. It stores information so that the behavior of human beings can be modified according to past experiences.