hib vaccine meaning

   

Himephilis influenza type B is abbreviated as Hib. It is bacteria. Which causes severe infection.

Hib bacteria cause severe hib disease, such as pneumonia and meningitis septicemia, etc. it is a significant health problem all over the world. a cause of death in young children. Vaccination is a preventive measure of hib disease.

Every year 20% of children die of Hib disease in the world most of them are from India. Most of the children who survive after Hib disease have long-term effects, such as permanent paralysis, deafness, brain injury. Hib's vaccines can prevent one-third of pneumonia and 90% of meningitis cases.

Haemophilus influenzae causes

Name of Disease	Causative organism	Effects
Pneumonia	Hib	Inflammation of the lungs.
Septicemia	Hib	The presence of pathogenic bacteria in the blood.
Bacterial Meningitis	Hib	inflammation of the membrane covering and protecting the spinal cord and brain. It is a serious infection.
Epiglottis	Hib	Inflammation around the speech system area and obstruction of the respiratory tract.
Septic arthritis	Hib	Inflammation of joints.

How does Haemophilus influenza spread

When the infected child coughs or sneezes, the droplets of his saliva spread the infection to other children. Also, Hib infection affects other children playing with toys or other things that children put in their mouths.

Hib mostly affects children under 5 years of age. Children between 6 and 19 months of age are at the highest risk. By the time they reach the age of 5, most children develop adequate antibodies for immunization from this disease. Serious diseases caused by Hib are less common in adults.

Haemophilus influenzae type b treatment

Antibiotics are used for the treatment of Hib disease. It is a matter of concern that some of Hib's bacteria have now developed resistance to antibiotics. Due to which its treatment has become even more difficult.

Most Hib infections can be prevented with Hib vaccines. Hib vaccination only prevents HIB infections. All children up to 1 year of age need a Hib vaccination.

Dosage of Hib

A vaccine used to stimulate the production of antibodies and provide immunity against one or several diseases, prepared from the causative agent of a disease, its products, or a synthetic substitute, treated to act as an antigen without inducing the disease.

3 doses of Hib vaccine are required for the prevention of children. Which should be given after completion of 6 weeks, 10 weeks, and 14 weeks.

Name of Hib vaccine	Age	Dose	Rout
1st dose	6 weeks (after completing 6 weeks)	0.5 ml	Intramuscular
2nd dose	10 weeks	0.5 ml	Intramuscular
3rd Dose	14 weeks	0.5 ml	Intramuscular

(0.5 ml Hib vaccine (pentavalent ) dose given to children in the intramuscular route (I.M). at the thigh of the child.)

FAQ:

Question- What to do if a child does not have any vaccine for 10 months?

Answer -The child is advised to take BCG, measles vaccine, 1 dose of pentavalent vaccine, 2 drops of polio, and Vitamin  A supplement.

Side effects of Hib:

Redness, swelling, and pain may be reported at the vaccinated side of the body. These symptoms last 1-2 days after injection. Children may experience a fever for some time after vaccination.



Reference - UNICEF,

National health portal of India.

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