Blood components and blood functions

Blood components and functions - human blood is a red-colored liquid that is the medium of transport in the body. That transports necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells and transports metabolic waste products away from the same cells. blood is connective tissue. plasma is a liquid (fluid matrix) and all blood cells floating in it. all the blood cells are made in the bone - marrow, from the cells called stem cells.  the components of blood are,

Cellular components of blood

1. Plasma,
2. Red blood corpuscles (red blood cells),
3. White blood corpuscles (white blood cells),
4. Platelets.

Components and function of blood plasma:

Plasma: the liquid part of blood is called plasma. plasma is a colorless liquid that consists of 90 % of water and other substances.it contains protein, sugar, fats, digested food, carbon dioxide, and urea, hormones, and some salt. RBC, WBC, platelets also suspended in the plasma.

Components and functions of red blood cells:

Red blood corpuscles (red blood cells, RBC): it is produced in the bone - marrow.it is circular and does not have nuclei. The red colour of the RBC due to the presence of a red pigment called haemoglobin. Red blood cells carry oxygen from the lungs to all the cells of the human body.it also carries some carbon dioxide from the tissue to the lungs, most carbon dioxide carries by plasma in the dissolved form. The life of red blood cells is about 4 months and in human beings, 3 million red blood cells die every day, but 4 times that number are made in the bone marrow every day.

The components and function of WBC:

White blood cells: the white blood cells are body soldiers and larger than red blood cells. They protect our body against harmful germs and diseases. Some white blood cells eat up the germs, other WBC makes chemicals (antibodies) to fight infection. White blood cells provide immunity in the human body. White blood cells contain a nucleus.

The components and function of platelets:

Platelets: platelets are small disc-shaped fragments produced in the bone marrow, and do not have nuclei. They help in blood clotting in a cut or wound. If the number of platelets is too low, excessive bleeding can occur. However, if the number of platelets is too high, blood clots can form thrombosis, which may obstruct blood vessels and result in such events as a stroke, myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism—or blockage of blood vessels to other parts of the body, such as the extremities of the arms or legs. An abnormality or disease of the platelets is called a thrombocytopathy, which can be either a low number of platelets (thrombocytopenia), a decrease in function of platelets (thrombasthenia), or an increase in the number of platelets (thrombocytosis).

The functions of the blood:

The main function of blood is as follows.

1. It carries oxygen from the lungs to the different parts of the body.
2. It carries carbon dioxide from the cells to the lungs.
3. It carries digested food from the small intestine to the other part of the body.
4. It carries hormones from the endocrine glands to the different organs of the body.
5. It protects the body from diseases.
6. It regulates body temperature.

FAQ 

👉 Q-what is the red blood cell structure?

Ans -  red blood cells RBCs also called erythrocytes, it is circular or biconcave disc-shaped. And a mature erythrocyte lacks a nucleus. In human blood, more than 3 million erythrocytes get destroyed every day, but they are replaced immediately by new ones. Red blood cells are made in the bone marrow.


👉 Q - why is the color of blood is red?

Ans - the color of red blood cells is due to the presence of a red pigment called hemoglobin inside them.


👉 Q -How many red blood cells are present in a drop of blood?

Ans - there are about 5 million red blood cells in one drop of blood.



Also read: blood vessels and their function